#33 A Festival of Verbs ~ Part 2 ~

2019. 1. 19

Hi everyone.

How are you~

It's kÜshi.

Thank you for coming here.

Japanese verbs' changing is so confusing that it

can be one of the most tough grammars of

Japanese.

So I'm organizing them so that you can study easier.

I hope you like this.

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The list of today's change:

1. Interrogative form
2. Strong imperative form
3. Soft and polite imperative form

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1. Interrogative form ~ Do you eat this? ~

You can make the interrogative form by putting "?"

at the end of sentences.

But Japanese has so many postpositions called

助詞/jo-shi/, such as の, か, な, さ, ぜ, よ, ね, もん.

They are used to make sentences soft, strong,

friendly, cool, cute and so on.

They must be very unique to Japanese.

And some of them are used in interrogative

sentences.

We often use の and か.
　

For example,

・食べる
/ta-beru/
...to eat

→食べる？
/ta-beru?/
...do you eat?

→食べるの？... sounds soft and friendly
/ta-beru no?/
...do you eat?

→食べるか？... sounds a little strong and formal
/ta-beru ka?/
...do you eat?

・する
/suru/
...to do

→する？
/suru?/
...do you do?

→するの？
/suru no?/
...do you do?

→するか？
/suru ka?/

More detail👇https://oyenkushi.hatenadiary.jp/entry/2019/01/21/065726

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2. Strong imperative form ~ Do it! ~

Strong imperative form has two types: one has "e"

at ends of verbs and another has "o" at ends of

verbs.

The rule to find out which should be used:

"E" is put after "a" and "o"

"O" is put after "e" and "i"

Omg, this is so confusing!!

So you don't have to hurry to remember all.

All you have to do is get used to it.

So I show you some examples,

・食べる
/ta-beru/
...to eat

→食べろ
/ta-bErO/
...eat!

"O" is put after "E", right?

・見る
/mi-ru/
...to see

→見ろ
/mi-rO/
...see!

"O" is put after "i"

・読む
/yo-mu/
...to read

→読め
/yO-mE/
...read!!

"E" is put after "O"

・書く
/ka-ku/
...to write

→書け
/kA-kE/
... write!

"E" is put after "A"

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3. Soft and polite imperative form ~ do it please ~

Soft imperative form also has two types.

One has て下さい at ends of verbs, and another has

just て.

As you can guess, て is made from て下さい by

omitting 下さい, so て sounds more casual than 　

て下さい.

For example:

・書く
/ka-ku/
...to write

→書いて(下さい)
/ka-i te (kuda-sai)/
... please write

・する
/suru/
...to do

→して(下さい)
/shi te (kuda-sai)/
... please do

・見る
/mi-ru/
...to see

→見て(下さい)
/mi- te (kuda-sai)/
... please see

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That's all explanations!

So let's practice with exercises!!

Translate these into English:

1. 宿題 し た の？
/shuku-dai shi ta no?/

Tips:
→宿題 means homework

→した is made from する and it meams " one has already done"

2. 宿題をしろ
/shuku-dai o shiro/

Tips:
しろ is made from する

3. 名前を書いて下さい
/na-mae o ka-i te kuda-sai/

Tips:
名前 means "a name"

Answers~

1. Have you already done your homework?

の？ is put at the end, so it sounds friendly.

2. Do your homework!

3. Please write down your name.

て下さい makes the sentence polite.

So that's all today!

Thank you so much for reading!

Actually the imperative form has some exceptions!

So I'll explain about it as soon as possible!

Ask me if you have any questions.

See you next time~

A Festival of Verbs ~ Part 1 ~👇
https://oyenkushi.hatenadiary.jp/entry/2019/01/18/162334